SAN FRANCISCO — The University of California’s governing board adopted a statement condemning anti-Semitic behavior on Thursday, becoming the first public university system to do so since campaigns for academic and economic boycotts of Israel have taken root on many US college campuses.

The board also unanimously and without discussion adopted a companion report urging campus leaders to confront intolerant anti-Zionism, or the rejection of Israel’s right to exist. It stopped short of equating anti-Zionism with the hatred of Jewish people after that language alarmed critics.

Many have raised concerns that the statement and report will stifle free speech. Critics also were disappointed that the declaration singled out anti-Semitism for condemnation at a time when Muslims and other groups in the United States increasingly face discrimination, including hostile remarks from presidential candidates.

The board’s action comes amid growing campus tensions between Israeli supporters and backers of Palestinian rights.

Some Jewish groups say they are concerned that anti-Semitic behavior is increasing because of the highly emotional debate. Last year, they urged the 10-campus UC system to affirm its opposition to anti-Semitism.

‘‘For far too long, Jewish students have become victims in the often profoundly contentious anti-Zionist movement on campus,’’ Tammi Rossman-Benjamin, a Hebrew lecturer at the university’s Santa Cruz campus who led the campaign, said after the vote.

Liz Jackson, a staff attorney with Palestine Legal, praised board members for rejecting a blanket equation of anti-Zionism and anti-Semitism but warned that civil rights organizations will sue if the principles are used to stifle or punish criticism of Israel.

She and others say promoting Zionism can also result in intolerant remarks.

Associated Press