WASHINGTON — President Obama plans to substantially increase the deployment of heavy weapons, armored vehicles, and other equipment to NATO countries in Central and Eastern Europe, a move that administration officials said was aimed at deterring Russian from further aggression in the region.

The White House plans on paying for the additional weapons and equipment with a budget request of more than $3.4 billion for military spending in Europe in 2017, several officials said Monday, more than quadrupling the current budget of $789 million. The weapons and equipment will be used by US and NATO forces, ensuring that the alliance can maintain a full armored combat brigade in the region at all times.

Though Russia’s military activity has quieted in eastern Ukraine in recent months, Moscow continues to maintain a presence there, working with pro-Russia local forces. Administration officials said the additional NATO forces were calculated to send a signal to President Vladimir V. Putin that the West remained deeply suspicious of his motives in the region.

“This is not a response to something that happened last Tuesday,’’ a senior administration official said. “This is a long-er-term response to a changed security environment in Europe. This reflects a new situation, where Russia has become a more difficult actor.’’

It is not clear how Russia will react to the fortified military presence along NATO’s eastern border. Since the signing of a cease-fire agreement last year, Putin’s government has tried to ease tensions with the West. Officials said the Russian government was eager for the United States and Europe to roll back economic sanctions, which suggested that it would not escalate tensions over the new military commitments.

But outside analysts were surprised by the magnitude of the increase in military funding for Europe, which is part of an overall budget request of $580 billion for the Pentagon. Obama, according to a defense official, is also going to ask Congress for a 35 percent increase — $7 billion — to fight Islamic State militants. 

Some analysts said the increased funding and deployments would rattle Russia. Among the countries where the equipment and additional forces could be deployed are Hungary, Romania, and the Baltic countries, Pentagon officials said.

“This is a really big deal, and the Russians are going to have a cow,’’ said Evelyn N. Farkas, who until October was the Pentagon’s top policy official on Russia and Ukraine. “It’s a huge sign of commitment to deterring Russia, and to strengthening our alliance.’’